نحو إستراتيجية قومية لصناعة المعلوماتية وفرص الاستثمار للقطاع الخاص فيها. بقلم: بروفسير محمد الرشيد قريش

Duration— A 13-Day Modular Seminar, With Eight Offerings to Select From

Location: One of Khartoum’s Seminar Halls (Ample Time Notification Later)

مقدم السمنار
بروفسير د. د. محمد الرشيد قريش
Ph.D. in Hydrology & Water Resources, with Minor in Civil Engineering (Hydraulics) Univ. of Minnesota
Ph.D. in Transportation & Industrial Systems Engineering—Columbia University
(& M. I. T’s Flight Transport Laboratory)
M. Phil. in Industrial Economics & Development Planning—Columbia Univ.
M.B.A. in Operations Research & Economics–Utah S. Univ.
B.Sc. in Ag. Engineering (Power & Machinery)-California S. Univ. (& U. of K.)
Intermediate Science (Mathematics)—Univ. of Khartoum
A Certificate in Air Transport—M.I.T
A Certificate in Science, Technology & Development –Cornel Univ.
C.E., S.M.A.I.I.E., S.M.S. M.E., M.A.S.C.E., M.A.I.A.A., M.C.I.T., M.A.S.Q.C., M.T.I.MS., A.M.A.S.A.E.
FELLOW M.I.T. Centre for Advanced Engineering Study, 1978
FELLOW (Sudan’s) Engineering Society
Former CONSULTANT to UNESCO & UN-ESCWA
Former Engineering Associate Professor at American & Saudi Universities

 أهداف السمنار: لماذا ”ألأستراتيجية القومية للمعلوماتية“ الأن ؟
 Seminar Focuses On:
 The Critical Role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT or IT) In Economic Development Covering Issues Such As:
 Infrastructure, Network Operation & Services:
 The Importance of Public-Private Partnerships and Effective Competition to Extending Access,
 The Role of ICT in Business
 Markets Insight & Perspectives for ICT Telecom Products & Services
 ICT Operation & Infrastructure Management Excellence

 Who Should Attend
 Private and public sector entities active in the information and communication technologies sector:
o المركز القومي للمعلومات
o القومية للأتصالات الهيئة
o مراكز الدراسات الأستراتيجية
o Investors representing the ICT industry
o Government Officials and Regulators representing the public sector and consumers.
o Service Providers
o Information processing centers & Operators,
o Firms developing software and applications,
o Chambers of commerce and industry.
o Investment promotion agencies.
o Cooperation agencies.
o National, Regional, and international Financial institutions
o Professional associations.

 Why Attend ICT Seminar?
 ICT Presents You An Opportunity :
o To stand apart from the competition
o To Gets Information On:
 Viable Inversement Projects,
 On business opportunities in growth market segments,
 On business opportunities In new Niche markets
o Meet Decision-makers in ICT and e-business

Seminar Contents
Duration–One Day:

 Module One: Telecommunications
 Telecommunications–The Core(Backbone) of the New Economy
 Telecommunications network (TelCom Network)
 Telecommunications network Structure (TelCom Network)
◊ Network Operations & Services
◊ Network Linking Devices
◊ Network Operating Systems (NOS)
◊ Network Topologies

◊ Network Linking Devices
◊ Communications Protocols
◊ Internet protocol suite
◊ The OSI Model
◊ How Small US Businesses Use the Internet?
 Wired Communications Media
◊ Twisted Pair Wire
◊ Optical Fiber –The Core of the New Economy
 Optical Fiber vs. “Fiber Optics”
 Fiber Optics
 Fiber Optic Cable
 Advantages of optical fiber systems
 Four Types of Wireless Communications
◊ The Indian Wireless Internet Access

Duration—One Day : ألأستراتيجية القوميية لصناعة المعلوماتية

Module Two:The Need for A Coherent National IT (or Informatics) Strategy:
 Need for A Coherent National IT Strategy
 Service-Lead Growth —S & T & Telecommunication Technology:
The Quality of “Info Environment”
 The Digital Divide :The IT Haves & Have-Nots:
 Measuring IT ‘s Diffusion & Citizens’ IT Empowerment
 Measuring IT Diffusion & Empowerment
 The Geography of Technological Innovation —UNESCO’s Technology Achievement Index
 Some Infrastructural Indicators of IT Readiness
 Information Technology (IT)
 Current Status of IT Industry (Informatics Sector) & Other Potential Sub-sectors:
 Status of IT Industry
 Factors Characterizing the Present Situation Positively
 Impediments & Constraints to IT Development, Diffusion & Absorption
 The 2004 State of the Telecommunication Sector Performance
 The Supply-Demand Model of Economics
 Informatics Operations Technology—Turning a Vicious Circle Into a Virtuous Circle:
 Key Players Shaping Up IT Industry

Duration—One Day: The IT Industry Supply Market

Module Three: Typical ITC “Planning Pyramid” :

Information & Telecommunication Services
 Key Goals of the National Information & Telecommunication Technology (ITC ) Strategy (“(تعرف “دور الأستراتيجية
 Key Objectives of the National ICT Strategy
( تعرف “فلسفة المؤسسةالأستراتيجية وفرضياتها”)
Info Society –A Key Objective of National ICT Strategy (“تعرف”النهايات المطلوبة)
 ICT Planners Basic Objectives
 Some Typical ICT Projects
 Improving Productivity Through ICT Adoption– The link between innovation, ICT adoption &productivity
 Policy
 Instruments of Policy Execution
 Government Role In ITC Industry Development
 Software
 Software–Computer Operating System (OS)
 Operating System (OS) Basic functions

Industry Regulation & the R & D Sector:
 Absence of Harmonized Regulations & Policies
 Regulation In Science & Technology الرقابة الضبطية للعلوم والتقانة
 Why Need Regulation?
 Regulatory Science
 A (US Chronological) Check List for Regulatory Activities
 Forms of Regulatory Science
 Regulation (in Engineering Education)
 Examples of IT Transfer Policy Instruments
 Telecom Regulator Functions
 Models of Regulation
 Intergovernmental, Trade & Int’l Regulatory Unions
 The R & D Sector
 R & D Strategy —Harnessing The Intellectual Capital of The Country
 Problem Solving Paradigms:
 R & D Objectives
 Classification of R & D:

◊ Basic (Fundamental) Research
 Why Basic Research Is Necessary?
◊ Applied Research
◊ Experimental Development
 Japanese vs. Western (UK & USA) Research
 Comparative 1965-1973 R & D Statistics
 Comparative 1974-98 SCI Research Publications For IT Infrastructure & Suppliers’ Market
 Comparative 1974-98 SCI Research Publications For IT Demand Market

Duration—Three Days: The IT Industry Demand Market

Module Four: Information & Telecommunication Services

نحو برنامج قومي لتطوير الصناعات الألكترونية مدخل القرن الحادي والعشرين
 The Electronic Industries– An Important Engine of Growth
 What Are The Electronic Industries?
◊ Distinction Between Hi-Tech, Medium Tech & Low-Tech
◊ Dumping Techno-Trash in LDCs
◊ Pushing Low Tech Industries To LDCs
◊ Searching for a Technology Niche In High Technology
 What Should Planners Give Attention to in Considering High-Tech?
 Classification of Electronic Industries
◊ Searching for a Technology Niche—Semiconductors أشباه المواصلات” ”
◊ Industries Related to Electronics
◊ The Chip
◊ Some IC Types
◊ Passive Devices

E-commerce
◊ Benefits of E-commerce
◊ EBay
 How to Buy and Sell on EBay
 Tips for Using EBay-!
◊ B2B
◊ Advertising Online
◊ PayPal

Manpower Resources:
القومية لصناعة المعلوماتية الأستراتيجية لمقابلة أحتياجاتللكوادر المطلوب التأهيل
 1995 – 1996 % Distribution of Students
 Education vs. Training
 The Need for a Dual Stream Differential Education & Training Curriculum:
 The Concept of a Niche
 Why is the Need for Differentiation Between Design/Research Engineers (DE/RE), Engineering Technologists (ET) & Technicians (T)?
◊ The Three Knowledge (or Skills) Bases
◊ الزوجية هي سنة الكون
 Comparative Formation & Task Analysis for the Engineering & Technology Professionals
◊ The Designers of Change: The Design/Research Engineer Character Formation
◊ Information Technology Gatekeepers
◊ Computer Programmers: (Technician/Technologist)
 Distinguishing Between Learning, Education & Training
The Learning Process
 Differences Between DE/RE , ET , T Explained In Terms of Certification
 Differences Between DE/RE , ET , & T Explained In Terms of Course Duration
 Job Descriptions
◊ Technological Gatekeepers
◊ An Example of ET Job Descriptions
 Examples of Job Descriptions for System Analyst As An Engineering Technologists (ET)
 Systems Programmers: (Technologists)
 Computer Programmers: (Technologists) Job Specs
◊ The Technician , T—Job Descriptions/Specifications
 Heuristics vs. Algorithms–A Definition
◊ Variation of Use of Algorithms (A) & Heuristics (H)
With Problem Structure
 Hierarchy of Information Functional Intelligence
 Differences Partly Explained In Terms of Epistemic Authority

 The Profession’s Three Formative & Regulatory Authorities:
 The Epistemic Authority
 Sources of Engineering Knowledge at the Epistemic Level
 The Deontic Authority
 Power of State to Regulate Professionals
 Self “Regulation”
 Differences Explained In Terms of Hierarchy of Functions
 Differences Explained In Terms of Examples of Tasks for Each from Electronics Designs
◊ Programmable (Logic ) Controller, PLC
◊ Distributed Control System (DCS)
◊ Examples of Design Assignments for Engineering Technologists (ET)
◊ لماذا التعليم الهندسي الجامعي مأزوم؟ IV
 The Dynamic Nature of Curriculum—Teaching Engineering Students to Use Microprocessors (MP)
 Microprocessors (MP) vs. Microcontroller (MC)
 An Advanced Microprocessor Course
 Selecting The Proper Microprocessor For Specific Application
 Differences Explained In Terms of Computer Science Load
 Some of The Specific Computer Competencies Expected of Engineers
 ET Information Systems Skills
 Computer Engineering Programs
 Computer Programmers (Technicians)
 CAD( Computer-Aided-Design) Technician/Specialist
 Languages
 Some Programming Languages
 Computer Scientists” (ET) Including :
 Computer (Software /Hardware) Engineers
 Computer Support Analysts
 Database Administrators
 Computer Software Engineer (as Engineering Technologist, ET)
 Computer Hardware Engineers (as an ET)
 Computer Systems Engineer (as an ET)
 System Analysts (as an ET)
 Computer Education & Training Needs—A Summary
 Origin of Computer Science Education & Training Demands

 How Does “Computer Science & Engineering” Differ from
“Electrical Engineering”?
◊ Some of the Problems Facing Computer Science & Engineering Education In LDCs
◊ Course Differences
◊ Software Skills—A Point of Departure
◊ Applications: The Greatest, But Complementary Contrast
 Computer Programmers: (as ET)
 Computer Programmers: (as Technician, T)
 Key Programming Languages
◊ Object Oriented Code
◊ Some Other Programming Languages
 System Programmers: (as ET)
 Computer Education & Training Needs
◊ Training the IT Professionals
 The Generic Engineering Functions (or Tasks)
 Computer Science (CS):
◊ Computer Science Relationship with other fields
◊ Core problems in defining Computer Science
◊ Computer Science Fields
◊ Computer Scientists (as “Designers” & “Technologist”)
◊ Origin of Computer Science Education & Training Demands
◊ Computer Science Education & Training Needs
◊ Potential Careers for Computer Science Graduates
◊ 1995 Estimated Indian Relative Computer Personnel Demand
 The Largest Needed Group–Data Entry– Require the Least Training
 Computer Engineering
 Computer Engineering Specialization Areas (( و نقد البرامج الحالية
 Distinguishing EE from Computer Engineering & Software Engineering
◊ Electrical Engineering (EE) Sub-disciplines
◊ EE vs. Computer Engineering vs. Software Engineering
◊ Typical Software Engineering Key Courses
◊ Computer Scientists vs. Software Engineers vs. System Analysts
◊ Software Engineering vs. Related Fields
◊ How Computational Science & IT Relate to Computing

◊ Microcomputing Careers
◊ Software Engineering
 Software Engineering (SE) & Software Quality
◊ Software Engineering vs. Computer Sc. vs. Traditional Engineering

 Curricular Architectonics
 Curricular Architectonics—A Total Quality System Perspective
 The Educational Challenge
◊ The educational System Represented As An Input-Output Transformation:
 Obsolescence—An Engineering “Fault”
 The Nature of the Knowledge Depletion Problem:
 An Engineer’s Skill Obsolescence & Life Cycle Model
 Tying Training Strategies to Engineer’s Skill Obsolescence & Life Cycle
 Comparative Survey of Systems & Degrees of Higher Technical Education

 The Critical Role of the “Manufacturing” Engineer
◊ Backward & Forward Linkages
◊ Strategic Linkages Industries for the Old Economy
 The Theory of Institution Building
 Strategic Linkages Industries for the Old Economy

Duration—Two Days :

 Module Five: Strategic Choices — Which Route To Take?
 The Role of Informatics
 Role of ICT In Development
 The Infrastructural Role of Informatics in Economic Development
 General Classification of Information S & T Activities —A Checklist
 The Challenges of the IT Sector–Ubiquitous Computers and Global Communication Systems
 The Many Roles of ICT
 Routes To IT Capability Development –Typical IC Process Application

 Routes to Capability Development:

The 1st Routes to Capability Development: Using IT for Productivity
& Value-Added Enhancements
◊ The Role of Informatics As an infrastructure
◊ Some IT Dramatic Impacts
◊ Development As A Process of Transformation
◊ Daniel Bell’s Post-Industrial Society Information Economy Model
◊ Development As A Process of Transformation
◊ Gauging Performance in Information Planning
◊ IT Implications to The Services Sector
◊ IT Use for X-Efficiency: Productivity & Value-Added Enhancement
• IT Use In Public Administration
• E-Government
 E-Government Elements
• IT Implications to Public Sector Management
 The Public Sector Info (PSI ) system matrix
◊ The Needed IT Business Applications
◊ Application Software
 Some Locally Demanded Engineering Software Products & Who Currently Supplies Them
• Application vs. system software
• Application software classification
• Potential Application Software

The 2nd Routes to Capability Development: ITC As An Industry In its Own Right:

 The Infrastructural Role of Information & Telecommunication Technologies In Regional Development:
• Enclave Economy
• Regionalism & Network Typologies
• Information & Telecommunication-Lead Growth in a Federal State—Some caveats & Opportunities
• India’s Growing Talent Pool
 Software Design(تصميم البرمجيات)
• The Waterfall Model
• Stages of Software Design/Life Cycle
• Software Development
• Some Software Development Decisions/Trade-offs

• Software Production Options/Routes
• Steps (Process activities) of Writing Software
• Operating (Software) System Design Hierarchy
• Software Engineering Economics
• The Economics of the Software Industry
 Software Quality
• Generic Software Quality Requirements
• Productivity of Software Production Process:
• Application-Specific Software Quality Requirements
• Software Quality in Information Systems (IS)
• Software Quality in Real-Time Systems (R-T S)
• Software Quality in Distributed Applications
• Software Quality in Embedded Systems
• Software Quality — Release development stage
• Software Engineering (SE) & Software Quality
• Software Engineering /Computer Programmers
• How Do We Evaluate Software System Performance?
• (Software )Interoperability
 Some Software Standards:
• ISO 9000 & ISO 9001
• The Capability Maturity Model (CMM)
• Companies Appraised Against the CMMI
• Some International IT Organizations
 Techniques for Software Process Improvements
• Techniques for Process Improvements
• How Do We Judge the Capabilities (or Maturity) of (a Firm’s) IT
(Software Programming) Industry صناعة البرمجيات?
• Software Development
 Reverse Engineering
◊ Software Reverse engineering
◊ Why Reverse Engineer?
 The Purposes of Hardware & Software Reverse Engineering
 Some Related Definitions:
 Open standard
 Open-source software
 Closed Source
 Source code
 Object Code (or File)
 Compiler
◊ Reverse Engineering Example

◊ Cases in USA Law on Legality of Binary software Reverse Code Engineering ( RCE)
◊ Binary Software Techniques: Three main Methods of software Reverse engineering
◊ Legal Status of Reverse Engineering–The Notion of Fair Use
الأستعمال المشروع والعادل
◊ Comparing Electronic Products Design with Reverse Engineering

Duration—Two Days :

 Module Six: Strategic Choices — Which Route To Take (Continued)?

 The Microelectronics (Chip) Revolutionثورة الألكترونيات الدقيقة(أو الدوائر المتكاملة)
 Routes To IT (Software & Hardware) Capability Development
 PC Manufacture/Assembly
 Some Related Definitions
◊ Open Architecture
◊ Bios
 Integrated Circuit (IC, Microchip, or Chip) :
◊ Some IC Types
◊ Digital signal processing (DSP)
 Routes To IT Capability Development:
◊ Silicon Foundry
◊ Barriers to Entry Into Microelectronics
 Successful Innovation & IT Capability Development
◊ Microprocessors (µPs)
 Registers
 Transistor Density
 Classifying µPs On Basis of Architecture
 Classifying µPs On Basis of Applications
 The Challenges In Teaching Microprocessors– Hardware Trade-offs
 Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)
 The Dynamic Nature of Curriculum—Teaching Engineering Students to Use Microprocessors
 Microcontrollers (MCU)
 Evaluating Microprocessor Architecture
 Microprocessor Generations
◊ Printed Circuit Boards (PCB, or Switchboard)
• Wire Wrap
• PCB Assembly & Manufacturing
• Computer Expansion Card
• Printed Circuit Boards Assembly

• Printed Circuit Boards Fabrication
◊ Electronic Cards Industry
 (Enhancement) Cards Design, /Assembly/Testing
 Smart Card (Chip Card, or Integrated Circuit card, ICC)
◊ Computer Peripherals
 List of Computer Peripherals
• Electronic Components
• Hard Disk (Drive)
• Assembly & Testing of Semiconductor Devices
◊ Chip Manufacture: صناعة الرقائق الألكترونية
 Chip Dependency
 Chip Dependency vs. Chip Security & Sovereignty
 Argument for Chip Manufacture:
• Natural Resources
• Materials & Silicon —
 Research Center Cleanroom
• Design & Manufacture of Semiconductor Devices
• Electronic Products Design تصميم السلع الألكترونية
 How Electronic Products Are Designed?
• Hardware Design
• Chip Design تصميم الرقائق الألكترونية
 Types of Chips By Function
• DNA Microarray (a “Gene”- or “Genome-Chip”)
• Protein Microarray
◊ Routes To IT (Software & Hardware) Capability Development
◊ Decoupling Design From Manufacture of Semiconductor Devices
◊ Limitations of Decoupling SC Design From Manufacture
◊ Argument Against Chip Manufacture
 Design of A Microprocessor System
 Development of Systems or Products That Use Chips
 Staged Process of Developing Microprocessor Applications: Design Engineer Task
 Single Board Computer
◊ Electronic Components
◊ نظرة إلي تجارب دول العالم الثالث في صناعة المعلوماتية
 Offshoring
 Services Offshoring
 Services Offshoring Ladder for LDCs
 Offshore Outsourcing
 Countries involved in Offshore outsourcing
 Offshore outsourcing Criteria for a job to be offshore-able
 Contrasting NIC’s 1980 System of Innovations With S. America
 Services Trade vs. Goods Trade

 The Services Trade–Opportunities For Leapfrogging
 The Interrelationship of Services, High Tech & Info Sectors
 India’s Silicon valley

Duration—One Day :

 Module Seven: Networking & Communications
 Telecommunications—The Backbone of the New Economy
 Communication Technology Timeline
 The Convergence of Telecommunications, Computers and Microelectronics
 Telecommunication Networks’ Basic Infrastructure
◊ Telecommunications Networks
◊ Coaxial (Coax) Cable
◊ Telecom Backhaul
◊ Wireline Technologies
 Some Wireless Technologies
 Some Basic IT Infrastructure Elements
◊ Gateways (or “Protocol Converters”)
◊ Routing/Routers
◊ Brouters
◊ (Network) Bridges
◊ (A network ) Switch (or “Intelligent Hub”)
◊ Repeaters
 Communication Between Computers Systems—The Open Systems Interconnection
◊ The OSI (Seven Layers ) Model
 The Management & Regulation of Technological Flow
 The Shrinking of the Innovation Chain

Duration—Two Days :

 Module Eight: فرص الأستثمارللقطاع الخاص في صناعة المعلوماتية

 Why Invest In ICT?
 What Drives IT Investments In Business?
 Factors Driving Business to Make IT Investment Decisions
 Use of ICT tools in Small Business operations
 In A Nutshell, What Do Businesses Expect to Get from ICT?
 Typical Priority Investment Projects For Businesses,
◊ Call Center
◊ Call Center Technologies
◊ IT Technologies With Strong Impacts on Business Efficiency

 Summary of Investors Concern
 Electronic business
 Criteria for Assessing E-Business Readiness—Infrastructural Framework Connectivity and Cost
 The Software/Application Challenge
 Enterprise architecture
 Key Barriers to ICT Adoption By Business:
◊ Factors Contributing to Unpredictable Regulatory Frameworks
◊ Government & Regulator Task
◊ Regulator Independence
◊ Indicators Regulator’s Independence & Impartiality
◊ ITU/World Bank Recommendations for Regulator to Develop effective disputes resolution capability
◊ Road To Settlement Options
◊ Differential Market & Resource Powers Between Entrants & fixed line Incumbent
◊ The interconnectedness of “IT projects” and the “overall business process”:
 Some IT Investment Projects
◊ Telecommunication Services:
◊ Why Have An Intranet ? — Potential advantages
◊ Intranet strategies
◊ Intranets Role (Type of Applications)
◊ Web portals
◊ Potential disadvantages of Intranets
◊ Data warehouses
◊ Data Mining (DM)
◊ Information Silo”مخازن الغلال“ المعلوماتية”
 IT Service Management (ITSM)
 The New Enterprise Architecture
 The Business Model
◊ 9 business model building blocks (Components )
◊ Examples of business models
 Information Technology Audits
◊ 5 Types of Information Technology Audits
 Value Chains
 Methods of Business Process & ROI Analysis for IT
◊ An Example of Use of ROI Analysis In An IT Investment Project
◊ Reducing Cost of Web Site Development & Maintenance
 What Constitutes IT For Business?
 The Nation-State Model
◊ Other Nation/State Characteristics
 The Global Model All Things In Flux—Nothing Sacrosanct!

blacknims2000@hotmail.co.uk

Clerk

بروفيسور/ محمد الرشيد قريش